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Japanese i-adjectives also can express situations in the past. Whereas in English you have to use “was” in front of the word, i-adjectives can build the past on its own. Remove the い (i) at the end of the plain form and add かった (katta) to the stem of the i-adjective as described in the following examples:
| Plain Form | Romaji | Meaning | Negation | Romaji | Meaning |
| 高い | takai | high | 高かった | takakatta | it was high |
| 安い | yasui | cheap | 安かった | yasukatta | it was cheap |
| 美味しい | oishii | tasty | 美味しかった | oishikatta | it was tasty |
| 広い | hiroi | spacious | 広かった | hirokatta | it was spacious |
| 寂しい | sabishii | lonely | 寂しかった | sabishikatta | it was lonely |
Example
| Kanji | この話はあまり面白くなかったです。 |
| Furigana | このはなしはあまりおもしろくなかったです。 |
| Romaji | kono hanashi wa amari omoshirokunanakatta desu. |
| English | This story was not very interesting. |
Related articles:
furigana: おもい
romaji: omoi
Meaning: heavy
Level: JLPT N5
Writing
| Kanji | Meaning | Onyomi | Kunyomi | JLPT |
| 重 | heavy, serious, -fold | JUU, CHOU | omo(i), kasa(naru), -e | 4 |
| い | hiragana i | 5 |
Grammar: i-adjective
| Form | Kanji | Furigana |
Romaji | JLPT |
| plain form | 重い | おもい | omoi | 5 |
| past | 重かった | おもかった | omokatta | – |
| negation | 重くない | おもくない | omokunai | – |
| past negation | 重くなかった | おもくなかった | omokunakatta | – |
| sa form | 重さ | おもさ | omosa | – |
| sou form | 重そう | おもそう | omosou | – |
Examples
| Kanji | この鞄は重そうです。 |
| Furigana | このかばんはおもそうです。 |
| Romaji | kono kaban wa omosou desu. |
| English | This bag looks heavy. |
Vocabulary
Synonym
| Kanji | Furigana |
Romaji | Meaning | JLPT |
| – |
Opposite
| Kanji | Furigana |
Romaji | Meaning | JLPT |
| 軽い | かるい | karui | light weight | 5 |
Related words
| Kanji | Furigana |
Romaji | Meaning | JLPT |
| 体重 | たいじゅう | taijuu | body weight | – |
| – |
4F4F - 住
| Meaning | to live in, to reside |
| Onyomi | JUU |
| Kunyomi | su(mu), su(mau) |
| Strokes | 7 (click on the pick to start the video) |
Vocabulary
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Meaning | JLPT |
| 住む | すむ | sumu | to live in, to reside | 5 |
| 住宅地 | じゅうたくち | juutakuchi | residential area | – |
| – |
Radicals
| Radical | Radical name | Meaning |
 |
nimben | person |
| – | ||
| – |
