This particle is used to express accusative.
| Kanji | 私は御飯を食べます。 |
| Furigana | わたしはごはんをたべます。 |
| Romaji | watashi wa gohan o tabemasu. |
| English | I eat rice. |
Particle を (wo/o)
March 27, 2011 by 6 Comments
Particle まで (made)
March 27, 2011 by 6 Comments
This particle can be applied in three situations, where it can also be combined with the other particles から (kara) and に (ni).
1. Period:
In this case the particle まで (made) describes a period of time.
| Kanji | 会議は九時から十時までです。 |
| Furigana | かいぎはくじからじゅうじまです。 |
| Romaji | kaigi ha kuji kara juuji made desu. |
| English | The meeting lasts from 9 to 10 o’clock. |
2. Point in time:
In this case the particle まで (made) is used together with に (ni) to indicate the end of an exact point in time.
| Kanji | 会議は十時までに終わります。 |
| Furigana | かいぎはじゅうじまでにおわります。 |
| Romaji | kaigi ha juuji madeni owarimasu. |
| English | The meeting ends at 10 o’clock. |
3. Location:
In this case the particle まで (made) is used to express the time or period related to a location.
| Kanji | 東京から名古屋まではどのぐらい掛かりますか。 |
| Furigana | とうきょうからなごやまではどのぐらいかかりますか。 |
| Romaji | Tokyo kara Nagoya made wa dono gurai kakarimasuka? |
| English | How long does it take from Tokyo to Nagoya? |
Particle より (yori)
March 27, 2011 by 3 Comments
Particle より (yori)
This particle can be used in two situations expressing a comparison or having the meaning “from”.
1. Comparison:
In this case the particle より (yori) is used to compare two nouns with each other.
| Kanji | 金は銀より高いです。 |
| Furigana | きんはぎんよりたかいです。 |
| Romaji | kin wa gin yori takai desu. |
| English | Gold is more expensive than silver. |
2. Meaning “from”:
In this case the particle より (yori) is used to express receiving something from someone else. It can be used as an alternative to the Particle から (kara).
| Kanji | この本は先生より貰いました。 |
| Furigana | このほんはせんせいよりもらいました。 |
| Romaji | kono hon wa sensei yori moraimashita, |
| English | I received this book from my teacher. |
Particle から (kara)
March 27, 2011 by 5 Comments
This particle describes the beginning of something and can be used in a temporary or geographical context or it has the meaning “from”.
1. Temporary context:
In this context the particle から (kara) is used to express that a period of time starts.
| Kanji | 会議は十時からです。 |
| Furigana | かいぎはじゅうじからです。 |
| Romaji | kaigi wa juuji kara desu. |
| English | The meeting starts at 10 o’clock. |
2. Geographical context:
In this case から (kara) is used to express the meaning of “from this place onwards”.
| Kanji | ここからは入りません。 |
| Furigana | ここからははいりません。 |
| Romaji | koko kara ha hairimasen. |
| English | No entry from here onwards. |
3. Meaning: “from”:
In this case the particle から (kara) is used to express receiving something from someone else. It can be used as an alternative to the Particle より (yori).
| Kanji | この本は先生から貰いました。 |
| Furigana | このほんはせんせいからもらいました。 |
| Romaji | kono hon wa seinsei kara moraimashita. |
| English | I received this book from my teacher. |
List of Japanese prefixes
March 27, 2011 by 2 Comments
The Japanese language uses a multitude of prefixes. In this section you will find a selection of the most common other prefixes. The Japanese language uses a lot of compound nouns. This means that a lot of words, which are used for combinations can also be classified as prefixes.
PREFIX 最 (SAI)
The prefix 最 (SAI) has the meaning “most” and can be combined with a multitude of other words.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 最後 | さいご | saigo | at last |
| 最新 | さいしん | saishin | latest, newest |
| 最悪 | さいあく | saiaku | the worst |
| 最低 | さいてい | saitei | least, lowest |
PREFIX 以 (I)
The prefix 以 (I) expresses a boundary or limit.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 以上 | いじょう | ijou | above, exceeding |
| 以下 | いか | ika | below, not exceeding |
| 以外 | いがい | igai | with the exception |
| 以内 | いない | inai | within, inside |
PREFIX 真 (MA)
The prefix 真 (MA) intensifies the meaning of the following word.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 真直ぐ | まっすぐ | massugu | straight ahead |
| 真っ赤 | まっか | makka | deep red |
| 真っ白 | まっしろ | masshiro | pure white |
PREFIX 反 (HAN)
The prefix 反 (HAN) expresses an opposite or opposition similar to the English prefix anti-.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 反対 | はんたい | hantai | opposition |
PREFIX 再 (SAI)
The prefix 再 (SAI) expresses a repetition similar to the English prefix re-.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 再入国 | さいにゅうこく | sainyuukoku | reentry (to Japan) |
PREFIX 毎 (MAI)
The prefix 毎 (MAI) expresses a repetition with the meaning of every-.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 毎度 | まいど | maido | each time |
| 毎日 | まいにち | mainichi | every day |
| 毎月 | まいつき | maitsuki | every month |
| 毎年 | まいとし | maitoshi | every year |
PREFIX 新 (SHIN)
refix 新 (SHIN) expresses that something is new.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 新型 | しんがた | shingata | new type, new style |
| 新規 | しんき | shinki | new, fresh |
PREFIX 全 (ZEN)
The Prefix 全 (ZEN) expresses completeness.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | zenbu | entire, whole |
| 全体 | ぜんたい | zentai | whole, entirely |
| 全然 | ぜんぜん | zenzen | not at all |
PREFIX 半 (HAN)
The prefix 半 (HAN) expresses a half and corresponds to the English prefix semi-.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 半分 | はんぶん | hanbun | half, half a minute |
| 半年 | はんとし | hantoshi | half a year |
| 半日 | はんにち | hannichi | half a day |
PREFIX 小 (KO)
The prefix 小 (KO) expresses that something is small.
| Kanji | Furigana | Romaji | Translation |
| 小型 | こがた | kogata | small type |
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